·The implementation of China's defective automobile product recall system for 10 years

In March 2004, the “Regulations on the Recall of Defective Automobile Products” (the “Regulations”) was officially released, and it was implemented on October 1 of the same year. With the defective automobile products as the pilot, China implemented the recall system for the first time. In October 2012, the "Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Products Recall" (the "Regulations") was promulgated and will be implemented on January 1, 2013. In October 2014, the “Implementation Measures for the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recalls (Draft for Comment)” (referred to as the “Implementation Measures”) was released, and the society was consulted.
A major change brought about by policy overtime is the increase in penalties for car companies. Although the "Provisions" have been issued for many years, the introduction of the maximum penalty of 30,000 yuan for illegal acts is obviously difficult to deter the self-discipline of manufacturers when dealing with defective products. Such low illegal costs even make some car companies choose not to file for the record. It is understood that as of the end of 2011, among the 3,551 vehicle manufacturing enterprises in China, only 331 of the car recall information records were completed at the AQSIQ Defective Product Management Center. Family.
In the "Regulations" promulgated in October 2012, the fines of up to 100 million yuan can make the recall in the Chinese auto market no longer accused of "smoothness." The "Regulations" clearly stipulate that if the producer fails to stop producing, selling or importing defective automobile products according to the regulations, concealing the defects or refuses to recall, the fines of the defective automobile products shall be less than 1% and less than 10%; And confiscate the illegal income. In addition to economic penalties, companies with serious circumstances may also be revoked.
In the newly promulgated "Implementation Measures", it is the first time that the parts and components producers are included in the recall management regulations, and the responsibilities and obligations of the manufacturers in the recall process are further clarified. According to Hao Qingfeng, director of the China Law Society Consumer Rights Protection Law Research Association, the "Implementation Measures" compared with the "Regulations", after the scope of the functional departments and investigation targets of the defective product investigation, the car recall The implementation of the system will be smoother.
It should be said that since the day the recall system was born in the Chinese market, it has gradually formed a mutually reinforcing relationship with the number of car recalls. In terms of the number of annual recalls, the number of car recalls in China exceeded 1 million for the first time in 2009. In 2013, this figure exceeded 5.3 million. In the meantime, the eight-year “Regulations” were upgraded to “Regulations”. . On the other hand, the new provisions in the "Regulations" and "Implementation Measures" are bound to increase the number of car recalls in the Chinese market year by year.
In this regard, auto analyst Zhang Zhiyong said: "Our recall system is still in the development stage, and the recalled defective auto products will inevitably continue to grow." The Chinese Consumers Association lawyers group lawyer Jiang Suhua believes that the huge penalty for simultaneous upgrades Make the car recall legal system more majestic.
Talking about the color of recall as history At the consumer level, consumers once equated “recall” and “inferior quality”, and even a recalled record of a brand model will affect consumers' purchasing behavior. However, as the recall involves an increase in brands, models and quantities, consumers’ attitude towards recalls makes the auto companies dare to face defects and implement recalls in the Chinese market.
According to the performance of the self-owned brands of Jianghuai Automobile and Great Wall Motor, the recall that occurred in 2013 did not have a negative impact on its sales. In 2013, in the past, there has been a breakthrough in the recall of self-owned brands. The number of 11 brand recalls has reached 15 times (beyond the Korean cars 13 times), and the total number reached 518,826 units (independent brands in 2011 and 2012). The data is 2 times and 5 times respectively, and the number is 10760 units and 343639 units). In 2013, Jianghuai Automobile, which had been recalled, had a cumulative sales volume of 495,000 vehicles, an increase of 10.46% year-on-year; Great Wall achieved sales of 754,000 vehicles, an increase of 21% year-on-year.
Among the joint venture brands, in August 2011, Guangqi Honda and Dongfeng Honda recalled about 760,000 Odyssey, Accord and Platinum in the market, but in the China Automotive Quality Network's network on "How ordinary consumers view Honda's recall" In the survey, 70.7% of the consumers who participated in the voting held that “the problem of the car is inevitable, and the initiative to recall is worthy of recognition”, and only 9.8% of the consumers with a wait-and-see attitude.
As Yan Fengmin, Director of the Law Enforcement Department of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, said: "The awareness of the main responsibility of corporate recalls is clearly strengthening. From the original view that recall is a shameful thing, it is important to change the recall to maintain corporate image and strengthen quality management. Measures.” Luo Lei, deputy secretary-general of the China Automobile Dealers Association, believes that “the recall is also a performance of the manufacturer’s responsibility to the market and consumers. It is an improvement in the industry. The recalled vehicles may not be of poor quality and have not been recalled. It may not be of good quality, but the hidden dangers are not discovered. The recalled vehicles will be safer after the elimination of hidden dangers."
Of course, while consumers and public opinion are gradually facing up to the recall of automobiles, automobile manufacturers are considering economic factors and other factors. On the contrary, there are many cases in which the "Tai Chi" is played in the recall. Although Earl Hesterberg, CEO of First Auto Group, the top four auto dealers in the United States (some luxury brands continue to increase sales promotion in the United States, the focus has been on competing for sales leadership rather than emphasizing brand value) is the geographical limitation of the United States, but As a market that is increasingly able to determine whether an international brand's global sales target can be achieved, the sales competition in the Chinese market will only be more intense than the US market. Taking the recent continuous fermentation of FAW-Volkswagen's new Sagitar broken shaft problem as an example, from July 22, 2014, “the rumbling” to October 17th, the “recall” was announced. During this period, the words “reservation of the right to pursue legal responsibility” were repeated. And the four-month preparation period required after the announcement of the recall announcement raises doubts that product defects are not the only factor that triggers a recall.
Forced recall has no "useless place"
Since 1966, the United States has implemented more than 17,000 vehicle recalls and 540 million vehicles have been recalled. Seven of them have been initiated by manufacturers and the remaining 30% have been recalled by the Office of Defects Investigation.
From the official implementation of the "Regulations" in 2004 to September 30 this year, China has carried out 793 recalls of vehicles, involving more than 16.88 million vehicles. Among them, 83 recalls were carried out due to the investigation of the defects of the AQSIQ, accounting for more than 10% of the total, involving 5.41 million vehicles, accounting for more than 30%. But so far, there has not been a case in China that ordered producers to implement recalls.
In fact, this is only a microcosm of many problems encountered in the management and technical aspects of the implementation of the automobile recall system in China for 10 years.
According to David Strickland, director of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the recall of auto products may be stagnant without consumer complaints, "consumers become recall procedures The root cause of the recall is usually caused by the government receiving a complaint from the consumer." In China, when consumers encounter suspected defects, the first time is to ask the dealer and the manufacturer's customer service, if the dealer and the manufacturer can pass Some informal means to solve the case, then consumers will not pass the AQSIQ Defective Product Management Center, the automobile professional complaint website, the consumer association, etc. to release the faults that have been encountered.
In addition, according to Wang Kaiming, an expert from the Defective Product Management Center of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, in the current defect investigation, the manpower aspect, plus the internship, is only 7-8 people or 10 people. In terms of hardware, the defect investigation is not a routine experiment. Many of them are very special project experiments, and now the laboratory is in the process of construction; in addition, some other rules and regulations also have a process of perfect development.
However, at NHTSA, there are about 60 employees in the Defect Investigation Office, who are responsible for accepting complaints from vehicle users and filing a vehicle defect investigation. In addition, nearly 100 staff members of the Vehicle Research and Testing Center are responsible for the analysis of automotive product defect engineering techniques, and hundreds of researchers are engaged in vehicle safety technology, standards development, traffic damage control, and statistical analysis. .
On this basis, since the establishment of NHTSA in 1966, it has established a huge database system to systematically manage vehicle information, technical data and various defect complaints. In China, except for vehicle complaints and media reports, vehicle accident information, maintenance fault information, and product injury information are handled by different departments and lack a database containing such information. Zhu Xi, director and professor of the Institute of Automotive Safety Technology at Tongji University, also pointed out that car recalls should be able to find out all the problems from a public safety perspective. In the absence of this database, the defect identification survey will take longer.
It is a node, and it is the starting point. In the first half of 2014, due to the recall of GM's 20 million vehicles, the total number of car recalls in the US market reached a record 32 million. In comparison, the total number of car recalls in China in the past 10 years has only exceeded 16.88 million. If the GM situation is too special, then the data is still very different in terms of car sales and recalls in 2013. In 2013, US car sales and recalls were 15.6 million and 22 million, respectively; China's respectively were 21.98 million and 5.31 million.
In contrast, car recalls in the Chinese market are far from the developed markets in both the number and the total.
In addition, in late September 2014, Ford Motor recalled 850,000 vehicles in North America, covering new wing tigers and other models. This is the twelfth recall of the Ford New Wing Tiger since its inception. Since the listing of Wing Tiger in the Chinese mainland market, there have been only two recalls. I believe that most consumers will not take it for granted that the quality and reliability of the domestic rear wing tiger will be higher than that of the United States, so there is no need to recall so many times.
It can be seen that although the phenomenon of Chinese consumers being treated differently on the recall issue has been reduced, it has not been eliminated. In addition, compared with tens of millions of punitive fines in the United States, the European Union and other countries and regions, there is room for improvement in the punishment of our country. The most important thing is that there is still no support for a molding case. However, with the improvement of China's recall system and the investigation of defects, the car companies and even component companies that are recalled by the survey will gradually appear in the public's field of vision. The fire of the car recall system from the stars to the original will also Give full play to its public law nature and safeguard the public safety interests of Chinese auto users.
Number recalled >100 From the 10 years since the official implementation of the "Defective Automobile Product Recall Management Regulations" on October 1, 2004, the China Automobile Recall Network domestic recall announcement shows that more than 100 companies have carried out recall activities.
793 times 16.858 million units From October 1, 2004 to September 30, 2014, China had a total of 793 recalls of vehicles and recalled 16.885 million vehicles. In the past 10 years, the recall system has effectively reduced the occurrence of quality and safety accidents of automobiles and related products. However, compared with developed countries such as the United States and Japan, there is still a big gap.
17.8 million pieces According to data released by the US Department of Transportation, in 2012, the United States recalled more than 17.8 million pieces of transportation-related products, including cars, children's car seats, tires and other vehicle equipment. In the past 10 years, the total number of recalled cars in China has only 16.685 million.
0
In the past 10 years, there have been no cases in China that ordered producers to implement recalls.
83 times 10.5%
32.1%
In the past 10 years, due to the investigation of the defects of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, the total number of defective automobile products was recalled 83 times, accounting for 10.5% of the total recalls of 793 times, and 5.413 million vehicles were recalled, accounting for 32.1% of the total number of recalls.
133 times 5.311 million vehicles 65.8%
Since the implementation of the "Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Products Recall" since January 1, 2013, the number of recalls of Chinese vehicles has increased dramatically. According to the statistics of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, in 2013, the number of recalls was 133, involving a total of 5.311 million vehicles. The recall volume increased by 65.8% year-on-year. The total number of recalls in 2013 exceeded the number of recalls from 2004 to 2010. Sum.
10 years of typical cases of automobile recall system 1. Volkswagen recalled due to DSG gearbox issue In 2012, AQSIQ initiated a defect investigation on the public DSG problem, and finally organized an expert analysis meeting and technical exchange meeting to identify the DSG transmission. There are defects, and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine informed the public company to implement the recall. FAW-Volkswagen, Shanghai Volkswagen and Volkswagen (China) have recalled more than 1 million related models due to the power interruption of the DSG transmission, and triggered a global recall.
2. Chrysler Wrangler recalled due to auto-ignition phenomenon Since 2009, the AQSIQ Defective Product Management Center has received complaints about the self-ignition of Chrysler Wrangler cars. The AQSIQ conducted a defect investigation, affected by the investigation, and producers. In 2010, the Wrangler car was recalled due to overheating of the transmission oil temperature. After the implementation of the first recall, the Wrangler car continued to experience spontaneous combustion. In 2011, the AQSIQ once again initiated the defect investigation work. Due to the investigation, the producers again implemented the recall. In 2011, producers implemented a recall for the third time due to vehicle spontaneous combustion.
3. Toyota recalled nearly 700,000 vehicles in China in 2009 This is the largest recall since the implementation of the automobile recall system in China. According to the recall report, the reason for the recall was that the parts supplied by the same supplier to the two companies were defective, because the driver's side electric window main control switch control module was too much grease applied during the manufacturing process, which may cause an internal short circuit. The switch generates heat and melts, and there is a stuck feeling during operation. The window cannot be lifted normally, and a few parts will cause the door trim panel to melt.
4. FAW is the first domestic recall recalled by the self-owned brand China Auto Recall announced by the China Auto Recall. The FAW sedan was due to the gap defect between the fuel tank insulation device and the exhaust pipe on June 18, 2004. Mazda 6 was recalled on June 17, 2005. This is also the first domestic recall announcement issued by the self-owned brand car companies displayed on the China Auto Recall Online.
5. Guangben was the first joint venture brand Guangzhou Honda to issue a domestic recall announcement. Due to the fuel tank and fuel chamber bracket defects in the fuel tank, it was issued to some 2003 Accord cars from June 18, 2004 to June 17, 2005. The recall announcement was issued for the domestic recall of the first joint-venture brand car company displayed on the China Auto Recall.
6. Toyota Motor LEXUS is the first imported Toyota brand LEXUS (Lexus) to issue a domestic recall announcement due to automatic transmission defects, the announcement of the recall of LS430 from July 1, 2004 to June 30, 2005, for the recall of Chinese cars The first domestic recall announcement issued by the imported brand car companies on the Internet.

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