Geographic Information System (GIS) is a new technology introduced in agricultural science research in recent years. Its application will have a major impact on the development of China's agricultural technology. The technology is a combination of computer science, geography, surveying and mapping, environmental science, urban science, space science, information science, applied mathematics, and management science as a whole.
GIS is used for farmland land data management to query data such as soil, hydrology, weather and climate, crop seedlings, and yield, and it can easily draw various thematic maps. It can also collect, edit, and analyze different types of spatial data. The use of GIS's regional spatial analysis, multi-factor comprehensive analysis and dynamic forecasting capabilities can generate multi-level, high-quality soil spatial information. Many developed countries in the world have applied GIS and other advanced technologies to soil nutrient detection and balanced fertilization. Some domestic researchers have also applied GIS and other technologies to engage in a large number of related work, but GIS is the core of the technology to produce soil nutrient information. The application of expert systems in balanced fertilization is still relatively small.
1. Expert system production ideas The expert decision system consists of three parts: the agricultural comprehensive database subsystem, the recommended fertilization subsystem, and the information management and analysis subsystem. It is also a three-dimensional system. The three subsystems are linked to each other and constitute one. Multi-level network of relationships. Each system contains the following content.
One-dimensional: Agricultural comprehensive database system Soil resources, crop planting layout, current status of farmland soil nutrients, laboratory and experimental data.
Two-dimensional: recommended fertilization technology system soil testing and fertilizer technology, water and fertilizer management technology, cultivation management technology.
Three-dimensional: Information management and analysis system spatial data analysis, attribute data analysis, description model analysis, data model analysis.
The establishment process of the system is divided into five phases: data collection: including multiple soil nutrient survey data, long-term location tests, and various fertilizer efficiency test data in the field. Data preprocessing, due to the different characteristics and methods of using spatial data and attribute data, needs to be designed and organized into different data files, and a database is established. Computer processing, under the support of Arc/info, Arcview and other geographic information system software and database languages, establishes spatial and attribute databases, and can perform various spatial analysis. We recommend the establishment of fertilization zoning and expert model systems, and establish a conceptual model system based on various thematic maps, formulating zoning indicators, and combining soil nutrient status, planting systems, fertilizer formulations, application methods, crop types, and comprehensive cultivation techniques. Recommended fertilization system. Submit maps and recommended fertilization expert systems for different regions and crops to promote the sustainable development of local agriculture in the direction of low cost, high efficiency, high efficiency and intensive.
The soil nutrient information expert system covers the two parts of the information query system and the recommended fertilization system. The system uses the MO map control and the VB language. First, establish a database of soil nutrient content and variability atlas of the entire region, various fertilizer field demonstration effect databases, crop cultivation area classification database, environmental setting database, information query database, recommended fertilization knowledge base, etc., and form soil on this basis. Expert system including information inquiry and recommended fertilization.
2. The role and significance of the expert system The expert system includes soil nutrient variation, regional nutrient status, fertilizer experts, recommended fertilization, and fertilizer formulations in the province; maps, texts, tables, and multimedia technologies provide soil nutrient status in each planting region. , fertilizer quantity, fertilization period, fertilization method, and soil and fertilizer expert's decision-making suggestions, etc.; recommended for the use of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace mineral fertilizers for various crops in various regions of the province. It can be recommended by the user. Can also be based on the province's soil and fertilizer information database for query recommendations.
The application of the expert system is very convenient. For example, the user needs to understand the current status of soil nutrients in a certain area. Simply click on the soil information atlas to open nutrient content distribution maps for different years and different nutrients. This is intuitive to the province or a certain Regional nutrient content information.
In addition, the system can inquire about balanced fertilization schemes and water and fertilizer management points for crops such as wheat, corn, and cotton. If the user needs to know what fertilizer to use when planting a certain crop in a certain area and how much fertilizer is appropriate, he can click the menu of balanced fertilization information. After selecting good crop varieties and determining locations on the map, the fertilizer formula and technical points for fertilization can be presented; the system can also set market prices for agricultural products and agricultural materials in different periods so as to update them in real time and obtain the best recommended fertilization solution. .
On the one hand, the formation of the system can directly see the spatiotemporal variability of soil nutrients in the province from the screen, summarize the laws in the variability, and facilitate the competent authorities at all levels to formulate targeted fertilizer management strategies for sustainable agricultural development; on the other hand, Agricultural technology extension workers and farmers can directly use the system to inquire about the economically reasonable amount of fertilizer, the proportion of various fertilizers used, and the corresponding water and fertilizer management techniques.
3. Development Prospects of Expert Systems After China joins the WTO, agriculture and its related industries will face increasingly severe challenges. How to apply new technologies to transform traditional agriculture and increase agricultural production efficiency is the future of agricultural scientific research. Focus.
The purpose of establishing a soil slope nutrient information system is to provide an effective tool for decision makers at different levels, such as the promotion of agricultural technology, fertilizer production, and sales, so that regional fertilizers and nutrients can be conveniently based on soil conditions and crop needs in different regions. Reasonable planning and allocation of resources make the production and deployment of fertilizers more suitable for the local soil conditions and achieve the goal of further improving agricultural production efficiency.
The soil nutrient information expert system can be applied under the support of software such as Windows, Office, etc. to query soil nutrients, fertilizer formulations, fertilization technologies, and other information. With the popularization of computer applications, this technology will soon be able to be used in agriculture, chemicals, and the environment. Other departments have been widely used, but will also affect the methods, methods, and concepts of agricultural technology services. The progress of this technology will have a profound impact on improving the management and utilization of soil nutrient resources and raising the level of agricultural science and technology.
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